Oral Presentation NCGRT/IAH Australasian Groundwater Conference 2019

Infiltration characterisation of non-newtonian fluids through cold porous media for investigating remediation of adsorbed contaminants (43)

Fawad Naseer 1 , Debasmita Misra 1 , Majdi Abou Najm 2
  1. University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska , USA
  2. Civil Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA

Non-Newtonian fluids such as biopolymers (e.g., Polyacrylamide solution) have been used for soil and groundwater remediation and fracking for enhanced oil recovery. While laboratory and field scale studies including modeling of non-Newtonian fluid flow in porous media as a remediation agent has been studied, but those have been limited to temperatures at or above 30°C. Little is known about the flow characteristics of biopolymer solutions through a porous medium, especially at the range of low temperatures that are experienced in cold regions. Hence, it is critical to understand the impact of temperature on the flow or rheology of non-Newtonian fluids in soils, because the adsorption kinetic of each contaminant is different. Once the flow characteristic is understood, the effectiveness of non-Newtonian fluids in remediation of adsorbed contaminants can be assessed. Our hypothesis is that the difference in rheological characteristics between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids make the latter a better candidate for remediation of adsorbed contaminants from soils at different thermal regimes. We have investigated the rheological characteristics of non-Newtonian fluids in comparison to Newtonian fluids at 0.6°C, 5°C, 15°C, 19°C and 30.6°C to understand their strain, contact angle and viscosity changes at different stress and concentration levels. We used both Guar gum and Xanthan gum solutions as non-Newtonian fluids. OFITE model 900 viscometer and Tantec contact angle meter were used to record the changes in viscosity and contact angle for concentrations of 0.5g/l, 1g/l, 3g/l, 6g/l and 7g/l of the polymer solution. The range of shear rate applied varied from 17.02 s-1 to 1021.38 s-1. Effect of salt on rheological characteristics were studied by separately adding NaCl (10g/l) and KCl (10g/l) to each polymer solution. It was observed that the sample solutions with high concentrations (3g/l, 6g/l, and 7g/l) behaved as non-Newtonian shear-thinning fluids. Shear thinning behavior decreased with decrease in concentration. Currently, flow characteristic of Newtonian fluid and non-Newtonian fluids in a synthetic (glass-tube-bundle setup) porous media is being studied at temperatures of 5°C and 19°C. Through these experiments, the mobility and behavior of non-Newtonian fluids under various thermal regimes will be characterized and its effectiveness in removing contaminants from porous media will be understood. Results of laboratory studies of rheological and flow characteristics of non-Newtonian fluids in synthetic porous media will be presented. The outcome of this research is expected to help design remediation of adsorbed contaminants in cold soils.